Kev xaiv cov khoom siv rau cov pwm yas

1. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm yas
Vim txoj kev loj hlob ntawm plastics thiab yas molding kev lag luam, cov kev cai zoo rau cov yas pwm yog nce siab. Yog li ntawd, qhov teeb meem tsis ua hauj lwm thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov pwm yas tau dhau los ua ib lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov pwm yas yog cov pwm pwm, xws li cov pwm pwm, cov pwm pwm, thiab lwm yam. Lawv tsim cov kab noj hniav ntawm cov pwm pwm los tsim ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov yas thiab ncaj qha rau cov yas, tiv taus siab, kub, kev sib txhuam, thiab corrosion. .
2. Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm cov khoom siv yas pwm
Cov txheej txheem tsim pwm dav dav suav nrog pwm tsim, xaiv cov khoom siv, kev kho cua sov, kev ua haujlwm, kev debugging, thiab kev teeb tsa. Raws li kev tshawb fawb, cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev kho cua sov siv hauv pwm yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau lawv lub neej kev pab cuam. Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm Tag Nrho Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo, cov yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam rau lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm pwm tuaj yeem ntsuas tsis tau raws li cov lej ntawm polynomials, tab sis yog cov khoom ntawm ntau yam. Yog li ntawd, qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pwm thiab kev kho cua sov yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem pwm tsim.
Los ntawm qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim ntawm pwm tsis ua hauj lwm tsom xam, cov pwm yas tuaj yeem ntsib kev hnav tsis ua haujlwm, lub zos deformation tsis ua haujlwm, thiab tawg tsis ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Cov qauv tsis ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov pwm yas tuaj yeem muab faib ua qhov tsis ua haujlwm, cov yas deformation hauv zos tsis ua haujlwm, thiab tawg tsis ua haujlwm.
3. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam, cov pwm yas yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov yas molding, thiab lawv cov kev faib ua feem ntawm tag nrho cov pwm ntau lawm yog nce txhua xyoo. Nrog rau kev txhim kho thiab txuas ntxiv ntawm cov yas ua tau zoo, cov khoom siv yas tau nce, thiab lawv cov kev siv tau nthuav dav. Cov khoom yog tsim los ntawm precision, loj-scale, thiab complexity. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm high-speed molding ntau lawm tau ua rau kev ua hauj lwm nyuaj rau pwm.
1) Hnav thiab corrosion ntawm qhov chaw ntawm pwm kab noj hniav
Yas yaj ntws nyob rau hauv pwm kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam lub siab, thiab cov solidified yas qhov chaw los ntawm cov pwm, ua rau kev sib txhuam thiab hnav ntawm lub molding nto ntawm pwm. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev hnav thiab tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm yas yog kev sib txhuam ntawm cov pwm thiab cov khoom siv. Tab sis cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hnav yog cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam, xws li lub siab, qhov kub thiab txias, cov khoom deformation ceev, thiab lubrication mob ntawm pwm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Thaum cov khoom siv thiab kev kho cua sov siv hauv cov pwm yas tsis tsim nyog, qhov tawv tawv ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav yog tsawg thiab hnav tsis zoo. Qhov no yog manifested li: qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv los ntawm kev hnav thiab deformation ntawm pwm kab noj hniav nto; Tus nqi roughness nce vim fuzzing, thiab qhov chaw zoo deteriorates. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv cov khoom siv nkag mus rau hauv cov pwm kab noj hniav, nws yuav ua rau hnyav dua qhov hnav ntawm kab noj hniav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem yas muaj cov tshuaj chlorine, fluorine thiab lwm yam khoom uas decompose rau hauv corrosive gases HC1 thiab HF thaum rhuab, ua rau corrosion thiab hnav nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov yas pwm kab noj hniav, ua rau tsis ua hauj lwm. Yog tias muaj kev puas tsuaj rau tib lub sijhawm, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov txheej txheem lossis lwm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav, nws yuav txhawb nqa cov txheej txheem corrosion. Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ob hom kev puas tsuaj accelerates corrosion thiab hnav tsis ua haujlwm.
2) Yas deformation tsis ua haujlwm
Qhov saum npoo ntawm yas pwm kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv siab thiab cua sov tuaj yeem ua rau cov yas deformation thiab tsis ua haujlwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov pwm me me ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom loj tonnage, lawv muaj ntau dua cov yas deformation. Cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv cov pwm yas tsis muaj zog thiab toughness, thiab tsis muaj deformation kuj; Lwm qhov laj thawj rau cov yas deformation tsis ua hauj lwm yog tias cov txheej txheej tawv tawv ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav yog nyias dhau, qhov deformation kuj tsis txaus, los yog ua haujlwm kub siab tshaj qhov kub ntawm tempering, uas ua rau cov theem transformation softening thiab ntxov tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm pwm. .
3) Kev tawg
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev puas tsuaj yog cov qauv kev ntxhov siab, kev ntxhov siab thermal, lossis tsis txaus tempering vim cov qauv thiab qhov kub thiab txias sib txawv. Thaum ua haujlwm kub, qhov seem austenite hloov mus rau hauv martensite, ua rau cov ntim hauv zos nthuav dav thiab cov ntaub so ntswg ntxhov siab hauv pwm.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm yas yog txawv ntawm cov khoom txias stamping tuag, feem ntau yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntawm 150 degree -200 degree . Ntxiv nrog rau qhov raug rau qee qhov siab, lawv kuj yuav tsum tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias. Tib pwm tuaj yeem muaj ntau hom kev ua tsis tiav, thiab txawm nyob rau tib lub pwm, ntau yam kev puas tsuaj tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Los ntawm cov qauv tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov pwm yas, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias tsim nyog xaiv cov ntaub ntawv yas pwm thiab kev kho cua sov yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, vim tias lawv cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm pwm. Yog li, cov hlau siv rau cov pwm yas yuav tsum ua raws li cov hauv qab no:
1) Thaum tshav kub kub ua haujlwm
Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm high-speed molding machinery, kev khiav hauj lwm ceev ntawm cov khoom yas tau nce. Vim lub molding kub nyob nruab nrab ntawm 200-350 degree , yog hais tias cov yas tsis zoo flowability thiab molding ceev ceev, qhov kub ntawm lub molded ib feem ntawm cov pwm yuav ntau tshaj 400 degree nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau qhov tseeb thiab tsawg kawg deformation ntawm cov pwm thaum siv, cov pwm hlau yuav tsum muaj kev kub ntxhov.
2) Txaus hnav tsis kam
Nrog rau kev nthuav dav ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv yas, cov khoom siv tsis zoo xws li iav fiber ntau tau ntxiv rau cov yas los txhim kho lawv cov yas. Vim qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv, cov dej ntws ntawm cov yas tau txo qis heev, ua rau pwm hnav. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum muaj kev hnav zoo.
3) Zoo heev machinability
Feem ntau cov yas molding pwm xav tau qee yam kev txiav thiab kho kom haum ntxiv rau kev siv hluav taws xob tawm tshuab. Txhawm rau kom ntev kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav, tsis muaj kev ua hauj lwm hardening thaum lub sij hawm txiav. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj pwm deformation cuam tshuam rau qhov raug, nws cia siab tias qhov kev ntxhov siab seem thaum ua tiav tuaj yeem tswj tau yam tsawg kawg nkaus.
4) Zoo thermal stability
Cov duab ntawm cov yas txhaj tshuaj pwm feem ntau yog qhov nyuaj thiab nyuaj rau txheej txheem tom qab quenching, yog li cov khoom siv nrog thermal stability yuav tsum tau xaiv ntau li ntau tau.
5) Daim iav kev ua tau zoo
Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav yog du, thiab cov molding nto yuav tsum tau polished rau hauv daim iav nto nrog ib tug deg roughness tsawg tshaj li Ra0.4 μ m los xyuas kom meej cov tsos ntawm cov yas nias qhov chaw thiab pab txhawb. demolding.
6) Kev kho cua sov ua haujlwm
Nyob rau hauv pwm tsis ua hauj lwm xwm txheej, qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov xwm txheej tshwm sim los ntawm kev kho cua sov feem ntau yog 52.3%, ua kev kho cua sov yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem pwm tsim. Qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov pwm. Feem ntau, nws yuav tsum tau kho cua sov deformation me me, quenching kub ntau ntau, lub overheating rhiab heev yuav tsum tsawg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj siab quenching hardness thiab hardenability.
7) Corrosion kuj
Thaum lub sij hawm tsim, corrosive gases xws li HC1 thiab HF yuav raug tso tawm thiab thermally decomposed los tsim corrosive gases uas corrode pwm. Qee zaum, cov pwm tuaj yeem xeb thiab puas ntawm cov cua ntws channel, yog li nws yuav tsum tau ua kom cov pwm hlau muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo.
4. Tshiab yas pwm hlau
Feem ntau, cov pwm yas yog ua los ntawm ib txwm 45 steel lossis 40Cr steel los ntawm quenching thiab tempering. Cov pwm yas uas yuav tsum muaj siab hardness yog ua los ntawm cov hlau xws li CrWMn lossis Crl2MoV. Rau cov pwm yas uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias ua haujlwm, siab toughness kub ua hauj lwm pwm hlau tuaj yeem xaiv. Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntau dua rau qhov raug qhov tseeb thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov pwm yas pwm kab noj hniav, cov txheej txheem pwm tshiab tau tsim tsis ntev los no.
1) Carbonized yas pwm steel
Carbonized yas pwm steel yog tsuas yog siv rau txias extrusion molding ntawm complex yas pwm nrog kab noj hniav. Hom hlau no muaj cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj carbon thiab feem ntau ntxiv nrog cov ntsiab lus Cr, thaum ntxiv cov nqi tsim nyog ntawm Ni, Mo, thiab V los txhim kho hardenability thiab carburizing muaj peev xwm. Txhawm rau kom yooj yim extrusion molding, hom hlau no yuav tsum muaj cov yas siab thiab tsis tshua muaj deformation tsis kam nyob rau hauv lub xeev annealed, nrog rau annealed hardness tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 100HBS. Tom qab txias extrusion forming, carburizing thiab quenching tempering kev kho mob yog nqa tawm, thiab cov deg hardness yuav ncav cuag 58-62HRC. Muaj cov qib tshwj xeeb steel rau hom hlau txawv teb chaws, xws li 8416 los ntawm Sweden, P2 thiab P4 los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, thiab lwm yam 12CrNi3A thiab 12Cr2Ni4A steel, nrog rau 20Cr2Ni4A, feem ntau siv hauv tsev. Lawv muaj kev hnav zoo, tsis muaj kev sib tsoo los yog nto tev, thiab txhim kho kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm pwm. Cov ntsiab lus Cr, Ni, Mo, thiab V hauv cov hlau ua kom lub zog thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm cov txheej txheem carburized, nrog rau lub zog thiab tawv ntawm cov tub ntxhais.
2) Pre hardened yas pwm steel
Cov ntsiab lus carbon ntawm cov hlau no yog 0.3% - O.55%, thiab feem ntau siv alloying ntsiab xws li Cr, Ni, Mn, V, thiab lwm yam. thiab ca tau ntxiv. Ntau yam yas pwm steels, Y55CrNiMn MoVS (SMI), tau tsim thiab qhia. SMI yog Suav ua S-series yooj yim txiav yas pwm steel, uas yog ua ntej hardened xa hardness ntawm 35-40 HRC, zoo txiav processability, thiab tsis muaj kev kho cua sov tom qab ua, uas yuav siv tau ncaj qha. Ntxiv Ni cov tshuaj tov kom ntxiv dag zog thiab ua kom muaj zog, thiab ntxiv Mn thiab S los ua ib qho kev txiav dawb MnS; Ntxiv Cr, Mo, thiab V los ua kom lub zog ntawm cov hlau, 8Cr2S steel yog txaus rau kev yooj yim txiav precision pwm hlau.
3) Lub sij hawm hardening yas pwm steel
Tsim cov cobalt qis, cobalt dawb, thiab tsis tshua muaj nickel martensitic aging steel, MASI yog ib hom martensitic aging steel. Tom qab 8150C kev daws teeb meem, lub hardness yog 28-32HRC. Tom qab kev kho tshuab thiab 4800C aging, intermetallic tebchaw xws li Ni3Mo thiab Ni3Ti tau tawg tawm thaum lub sij hawm laus, ua rau ib tug hardness ntawm 48-52 HRC. Hlau muaj zog thiab tawv, me me hloov thaum lub sij hawm laus, thiab zoo vuam kev ua tau zoo, tab sis nws yog kim thiab tsis nrov heev nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj.
4) Corrosion resistant yas pwm steel
Cov khoom yas ua los ntawm polyvinyl chloride (PVC) thiab ABS nrog hluav taws-resistant resin li raw cov ntaub ntawv decompose thiab tsim corrosive gases thaum lub sij hawm tsim, uas yuav corrode pwm. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias cov yas pwm steel muaj zoo corrosion kuj. Muaj ob hom uas feem ntau siv corrosion-resistant pwm steels txawv teb chaws: martensitic stainless hlau thiab nag lossis daus hardening stainless hlau. Muaj cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws xws li STVAX (4Crl3) thiab A SSAB-8407 los ntawm ASSAB hauv Sweden.